Firearm



June 13, 1933- w. s. BRADBURY FIREARM Filed Sept. 11, 1930 lIeLF' il INVENTOR. waiter 3.312245 7- TORNES a firearm embodying the'invention.

Patented June 13, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT oF-ric WALTER S. BRADBURY,'OF I LION, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO REMINGTON ARMS COIHIPANY, INC., A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE FIREARM Application filed September 11, 1930. Serial No. 481,209.

This invention relates to firearms, and contemplates certain novel features and 7 improvementstherein, as will hereinafter more .fully appear.

One object of the invention is to improve the construction of cartridge carriers; that is,.the means by which cartridges are transferred from a magazine'to a position in alignment withthe chamber from which they can be moved into the chamber by the closing of the breech.

A further object of the invention is -'to adapt the frame mechanism of a large calibre rifle, such as one designed to accommodate .30 calibre Springfield cartridges to smaller and shorter cartridges, such as the .22 calibre ammunition. popularly used for target practice.

Another object ofthe invention is to provide a simple and effective meansfor changing a firearm from repeater action to single action; that is, a gun mechanism which normally feeds cartridges from a magazine may be altered at will to feed into the chamber .25 a cartridge which is merely dropped loose into the top of the receiver. A further object of the invention is to provide a member for insertion in place of the usual magazine which adapts the mechanism to properly chamber a cartridge inserted loose into the receiver. 7 V r The invention further contemplates certain improvements in the construction of magazines, particularly magazines of the socalled box type in which cartridges are placed one above another-.. i 7

With these and otherincidental objects in view the invention consists in the novel devices and combinations of parts a representative embodiment of which is illustrated in the drawing and will hereinafter be more fully described. Y

In the drawing: V Fig. 1 is a fragmentary side elevation of Fig. 2 is a detached view of the breech bolt, magazine, carrier and carrier support.

.. Fig. 3 isa plan view of the carrier and magazine support and parts connected therewith. Y

.Fig. 4 is an enlarged elevation of the face of the breech bolt.

Fig. 5-is a sectional side elevation of an adapter by which the firearmis changed from a repeater action to a single action.

The invention has been illustrated as applied to a bolt action firearm of the familiar Springfield type, although in certain aspects the invention is not limited to firearms of this character.

Such a firearm comprises a barrel 10, and a receiver 11 to which is secured a unitary stock and fore-end piece 12. The receiver supports and partly encloses a breech bolt 13 provided with an operating handle 1i and 65 arranged to be controlledby a safety finger piece 15. In guns of this type cartridges are stored in a box magazine formed by a slot extending vertically through the receiver and stock, the noses of the cartridges lying in a plane slightly in the rear of the chamber mouth.

The present invention contemplates adapt mg such a receiver and magazine aperture to the accommodation of short small calibre ammunition, such as the popular .22 calibre target cartridge. To this end, a filler block 16 is inserted in the magazine aperture and secured therein by any suitable means, as transversely extending studs 17 and 18. Said filler block is apertured to receive a box type magazine 19. To. hold the magazine in place a bottom piece or flange 20 is provided and adapted for engagement by a hook 21 suitably mounted in the gun frame and pressed to effective position by a spring plunger 22 which,

as illustrated, may bear against the forward part of the trigger guard 23. With the magazine in this position the uppermost cartridge therein is so located as to be in the path of movement of a lug 24 suitably positioned on the front end of the breech bolt 13.

The invention contemplates certain improvements in the construction of a box magazine, one arrangement of V which is as follows:

' Acartridge follower 25, which is urged upwardly by the spring 26, is provided with a finger piece 27 extending through the side wall of the magazine, which wall is suitably 1 slotted as clearly shown in Fig. 2. When the finger piece is moved toward the bottom of its slot the spring is compressed and the magazine follower moved downward, permitting cartridges to be readily dropped into the magazine without the necessity for push ng each individual. cartridge into the magazine against the force of the magazine spring.

The means for transferring the cartridge which is uppermost in the magazine from the magazine to the chamber 28 may be constructed as follows: The forward portion of the filler block 16 comprises alongitudinal slot 29. In said slot is pivoted a carrier member 30 having a concave upper face adapted to accommodate the cartridge to be transferred. The rearward. edge of carrier 30 is inclined as illustrated, and this feature together with the concavity of the upper face of the carrier provides shoulders 31 and 32 at the rear upper corner of the carrier, said shoulders being adapted to be engaged by the rim of the cartridge being transferred as said cartridge is moved forward out of the magazine by the lug 24. As seen in Fig. 2, the carrier pivot 33 is positioned forward from the shoulders 31 and 32 so that as the cartridge in engagement with said shoulders continues to move forward the carrier will be rocked about its pivot and the cartridge lifted to a position in alignment with the cartridge shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2. In this lifting movement the rim of the cartridge passes under and is securely engaged by the extractor hook34 on the face of the breech block. In the further closing movement of the breech bolt the carrier is depressed thereby to the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2. The clockwise rotation of the carrier is resisted by a spring 35 suitably connected to the carrier and to a fixed stud 36 in the filler block 16; thus, when the breach is opened the carrier is restored by spring 35 to the position shown in full lines in Fig. 2. To adapt the mechanism to prop erly chamber a cartridge which is dropped into the top of the receiver, means are provided for supporting such a cartridge in a position in which its rim will be engaged the carrier shoulders 31 and 32, it be-' mg necessary that the carrier be rocked and move the cartridge upward underlthe extractor 34 bywhich it is held in alignment .with the chamber after the .carrier30 has ceased to supportit. One device for this purpose is illustrated in Fig. 5 and comprises a frame or shell 37 of the same transverse dimensions as the-magazine 19 and comprising a similar flange 38 for engagement by the retaining hook 21. The upper surface of this frameor dummy magazine is concave and the frame is of such length that when it is in place with the flange 38 engaged by hook 21 a'cart-ridg'e dropped upon its upper surface will occupysubstantially'the same position with respect to carrier 30 and breech bolt 13 as would the uppermost cartridge in the magazine were a loaded magazine present instead of the dummy magazine. Moreover, it is not necessary that the cartridge be accurately placed immediately above the dummy magazine, it being sufiicient that the'cartridge be so located that its rim is in the rear of the shoulders 31 and 32. Thus, a cartridge casually dropped into the top of the receiver will fall into the proper position for transfer to the receiver and the gun is rendered unusually eifective for the single loading which is customary in target shooting.

It is to be understood that the foregoing description and the illustration of the drawing are directed merely to an illustrative embodiment of inventions which may take a variety of forms, all falling within the scope of the appended claims.

WVhat is claimed is:

1. In a firearm, a magazine adapted to contain cartridges, a firing chamber, means for transferring a cartridge from said magazine to a position in alignment with said chamber, and actuating means, for said cartridges transferring means said actuating means including the cartridge being transferred.

2. In a firearm, areceiver, a cartridge magazine, a firing chamber, a breach bolt reciprocable in said receiver and adapted in its forward movement to engage a cartridge in said magazine and move said cartridge forward, an extractor on said breech bolt, a device adapted to be engaged by the cartridge moved forward by the breech bolt and actuated by said cartridge to elevate said cartridge into engagement with said extractor, whereby said cartridge is substantially aligned with said chamber and held on said breach bolt to be moved thereby into said chamber.

3. In a firearm, a chamber, a magazine, a breech bolt, a carrier for transfering a catidge fom said magazine to a position in alignment with said chamber, said carrier beyond cartridge delivering position, and to be held by said breech bolt in such displaced position while the breech is closed, and a spring for restoring said carrier to cartridge receiving position as said breech bolt is retracted. V

j 5. In a firearm, a chamber, a magazine,

the cartridge being a cartridge transferring carrier located between said magazine and said chamber, means for positively moving a cartridge from said magazine onto said carrier, and

means including the cartridge on the carrier for effecting a cartridge transferring movement thereof.

6. In a firearm, a box magazine, a firing chamber, a pivoted carrier intermediate said magazine and said firing chamber adapted to receive a cartridge from said magazine and to be rocked about its pivot to move said cartridge into alignment with said chamber.

7 In a firearm, a box magazine, a firing chamber, a breech bolt, means for transferring cartridges from said magazine to a position in alignment with said chamber comprising a pivoted carrier normally standing adjacent said magazine and adapted on the closing movement of said breech bolt to be rocked upwardly and forwardly to deliver a cartridge in front of said breech bolt, thence forwardly and downwardly to a position be low said breech bolt.

8. In a firearm, a receiver comprising an aperture, a block secured in said aperture, and a magazine and a cartridge carrier held in said block.

9. In a firearm, a receiver comprising an aperture, a block secured in said aperture and provided with a slot adapted to receive a box magazine, and a cartridge carrier movably mounted in said block.

10. In a firearm, a receiver having an aperture, a block held in said aperture and containing a magazine, a cartridge carrier piv- V oted in said block and adapted to receive a cartridge from the top of said magazine and to be rotated with said cartridge about its pivot, and means in said block for restoring said carrier to cartridge receiving position.

11. In a firearm, a chamber, a receiver comprising means provided with a slot adapted to receive a magazine, a carrier adapted to effect the transfer of cartridges from said magazine to said chamber, and a dummy magazine adapted to be'placed in said slot and to receive a cartridge dropped loose into said receiver in position to be enga ed by said carrier for transfer to said cham er.

12. In a firearm, a receiver comprising an aperture, a block secured in said aperture comprising a slot adapted to receive a magazine, a cartridge carrier pivoted in said block and provided with an upwardly facing concave surface adapted to support a cartridge, and a dummy magazine held in said slot and having an upwardly facing concave surface substantially in alignment with the concave surface of said carrier.

13. In a firearm, a magazine, a chamber, a pivoted carrier for effecting the transfer of cartridgesfrom said magazine to said chamber, said carrier being elevated for the delivery of a cartridge by rotation about its pivot and subsequently depressed to clear the breech bolt by continued rotation in the same direction.

WALTER S. BRADBURY. 

